Preparation of acetic acid? - Powered by XMB 1.9.11

Author: Subject: Preparation of acetic acid? testimento
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posted on 21-2- at 13:07 Preparation of acetic acid?


Acetic acid is not that available in pure or concentrated form and many topics seem to look for how to make or obtain it. Few methods so far:

1) OTC vinegar. Most are impure and need very energy intensive distillation for purer product. Usually 5-10% concentration. Good for technical purposes.

2) Vinegar concentration. Several methods have suggested for this. One is to use chloroform or other hydrophobic solvent and salt to drive acetic acid into solvent phase and then distill off the solvent. Requires lots of expensive solvents.

3) Decomposition of acetate. Metallic acetates tend to form GAA upon pyrolysis. Some, like sodium acetate, may need sodium bisulfate or strong acid. Laborous, and in case of acid, very expensive, but can produce high quality GAA.

4) Catalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde. This method is documented and working at least to the acetaldehyde phase. Requires somewhat sophisticated special equipment, but could be used to produce large quantities of high quality GAA. Process essentially contains dehydrogenation of ethanol upon copper at 300-600C into acetaldehyde, and oxidation of acetaldehyde into acetic acid. This process could probably be done with single catalyst run by using large excess of oxygen and much longer catalyst time.

5) Acetobacteric oxidation of ethanol. This is technically how we make moonshine, but we let it intentionally spoil with proper bacteria, which will turn the formed ethanol into acetic acid. Since the bacteria suffocates in it's own excrement in ethanol and acetic acid phases simultaneously, one would add calcium carbonate into the liquid so the formed acetic acid reacts with it to form acetates and therefore prologing the bacteric life for quite a lot. In theory this process is mix-n-go, but may encounter some problems, especially with correct bacteria. gravityzero
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posted on 21-2- at 13:18

When I see this type of post I have to ask, where do you live?
Acetic Acid is readily available in the most chemically restrictive environments including the US.

It can be had in concentrated form, from numerous distributors, and on the cheap.

You are on the right path with vinegar, but I find it hard to believe you can find any. thebean
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posted on 21-2- at 13:31

This video as well as this video should be of some use. I haven't tried it myself but it looks pretty simple and straight forward in both videos.



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posted on 21-2- at 14:12

You glossed over what is, in my view, the most important route. In my opinion, all of the other routes you have suggested are a waste of time, effort, and money.

3.5) NaC₂H₃O₂ + H₂SO₄. High purity, high yield, nearly anhydrous, relatively cheap. Anhydrous sodium acetate is mixed with sulfuric acid and ethanoic acid is distilled off at atmospheric pressure. If only sodium acetate dihydrate is available, it is easily dried.



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posted on 21-2- at 14:27

One could probably make strong acetic acid from calcium acetate and sulfuric or phosphoric acid with no distillation. S.C. Wack
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posted on 21-2- at 14:57

It would be hilarious if someone made a gallon of pure acetaldehyde from alcohol with chromate, and then oxidized that further.

Other obviousness: ethyl acetate and the bonus ethanol.



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posted on 21-2- at 23:41

The method for acetaldehyde is presented in germanic forum and it allows one to produce high quality acetaldehyde from ethanol via catalytic dehydration. Industry used acetaldehyde to produce acetic acid prior the newer processes involving pressures i'm not currently interested in repeating of. This catalyst is of particular interest because it can be used to produce acetaldehyde, acetic acid, formaldehyde, formic acid and diethyl ether and probably many more with very minor changes.

Beefie, I actually mentioned indirectly this method in No.3.

These things are not available in my country. Some shops actually sell acetic acid in glacial form, but they only sell very minor amounts like 100ml for 5 bucks and they aggressively report any larger orders to state forces. Don't ask why. Probably because explosives and drugs. My country hunts down these two a lot harsher than USSA but because this is a small and remote country nobody knows. Even concentrated sulfuric acid is available OTC but hey, it costs nearly 100 bucks a liter? I though i'm gonna puke when I actually saw that price tag. I consider everything expensive if they cost more than few bucks a kg/l except specialty chemicals, but these are just way off scale.

Because of this, and because it's a hobby, I'm interested in making things from dirt. What is the point if you just buy everything from shop and maybe have to boil something once to get things done? Maybe if you're a cookery but it's not a chem hobby then..

[Edited on 22-2- by testimento]

[Edited on 22-2- by testimento] subsecret
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posted on 16-3- at 09:59

Acetic acid is also produced when ethenone (H2C=C=O reacts with water. Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry outlines a procedure and an apparatus for the production of ethenone on page 372.



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posted on 6-11- at 18:56

Hmm.. What about that acetobacteria? It can be found almost anywhere, like grapes.

If one makes a normal ethanol fermentation process, and when its finished it will have approx 15-17% of ethanol in it. Then there are added a source of acetobacteria, calcium carbonate equivalent to amount of acetic acid formed, and then air is bubbled with air stones and pump through it? This produces calcium acetate though.

How about oxidation of acetaldehyde? Acetaldehyde placed into insulated tank with sub-zero water in a flask and air is bubbled through it at specified rate and this vapor, which is below LEL which is 4% for acetaldehyde, is lead through copper catalysed reactor at 300-400C where it would oxidize into acetic acid and side products, which are then collected.

[Edited on 7-11- by Oxirane] UnintentionalChaos
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posted on 6-11- at 19:22

Quote: Originally posted by Awesomeness  Acetic acid is also produced when ethenone (H2C=C=O reacts with water. Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry outlines a procedure and an apparatus for the production of ethenone on page 372.

Do you have any idea how toxic ketene is? To use it for acetic acid production is beyond inane.



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posted on 7-11- at 19:09

Well, I don't seem to be dead after testing the apparatus with my nose



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posted on 7-11- at 21:00

Quote: Originally posted by Awesomeness  Well, I don't seem to be dead after testing the apparatus with my nose

how long have you been exposed
generally ketene ,phosgene have a latency period of 24 hours
read 2nd paragraph under summary
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK/

page 19,lines 32-36
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=DCSuU1yTE1sC&pg=PA30&...

page 193 ,under the title 3.1 Acute toxicity ,sub title inhalation
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10./.mb...

page 5 ,under animal data ,single exposure
they talk about effects 3-14 days later
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:nC2hsTe...

in the same page ,on page 4 ,the 6th point -"Effects and mechanism of action" ,subtitle -human data
they say that ketene was a suspect chemical for non hodgkin's lymphoma and other types of cancer

this link might be more helpful than the above
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=y3-Ef3y53PkC&pg=PA420...



[Edited on 8-11- by CuReUS] subsecret
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posted on 8-11- at 04:14

Thanks for the tips. It's been several months since the experiment, and I never had any problems.



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posted on 8-11- at 04:26

Distillation of cinnamaldehyde --> benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde...

Ethanol + hydrogen peroxide + Fe(I think) catalyst --> acetaldehyde

And IIRC acetaldehyde (ethanal) can be oxidised to acetic acid, but don't quote me...

[Edited on 11-8- by Stupid_Noob]

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posted on 8-11- at 05:31

Quote: Originally posted by S.C. Wack  It would be hilarious if someone made a gallon of pure acetaldehyde from alcohol with chromate, and then oxidized that further.

Acetaldehyde is much harder to get than ethanol.



As below, so above.

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posted on 8-11- at 15:43

Quote: Originally posted by testimento  4) Catalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde. Quote: Originally posted by S.C. Wack  It would be hilarious if someone made a gallon of pure acetaldehyde from alcohol with chromate, and then oxidized that further.

Other obviousness: ethyl acetate and the bonus ethanol. Quote: Originally posted by Cheddite Cheese   Quote: Originally posted by S.C. Wack  It would be hilarious if someone made a gallon of pure acetaldehyde from alcohol with chromate, and then oxidized that further.

Acetaldehyde is much harder to get than ethanol.
Of all the people who mention acetaldehyde in this thread, you quote me. It is amusing that you feel the need to so inform us, but unfortunately it is I who must inform you that it appears that you are the sort of person who needs a bright flashing scrolling sarcasm tag...but it wasn't sarcasm, because it would be hilarious if someone deliberately turned a gallon of carefully and tediously made acetaldehyde to acetic acid...



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posted on 8-11- at 19:14

Did any of you know that you can buy glacial acetic acid by the 5 gallon bottle at [\/]enard's?

You can also get 5lb bottles of potassium permanganate. BOTH TOTALLY OTC.

No bullshit.

Oops, I meant 1 gallon bottles of GAA.

[Edited on 11-9- by Stupid_Noob]



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posted on 8-11- at 19:51 Stupid_Noob
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posted on 8-11- at 20:22

I guess I don't understand why anyone would make it... It's only about $30 a bottle... The KmNO4 wasn't much more than that. Why risk time and effort making something that can be bought cheaper and most likely higher purity.



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Acetic acid is an organic acid with a wide range of culinary, medicinal, and industrial applications. For thousands of years, humans have used acetic acid in the form of vinegar.

For more information, please visit SL Tec.

Around 10% of acetic acid is produced through the natural fermentation of sugar or ethanol, with the remaining 90% made using synthetic processes.

An estimated 75% of acetic acid produced for the chemical industry comes from the carbonylation of methanol.

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What is the use of acetic acid?

1. Food preparation
   The most well-known application of acetic acid is in the culinary industry, where it’s used in the form of vinegar. A product of fermentation, vinegar contains about 4% to 6% acetic acid. It’s been used as a condiment, flavouring, and preservative in the pickling process since ancient times. Vinegar is also a common ingredient in many processed food products, like mayonnaise.
2. Medicinal use
   Acetic acid, or vinegar, has been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. There’s even evidence to suggest the ancient Egyptians documented its medicinal properties. Vinegar’s antiseptic qualities make it an effective disinfectant for wounds and infections.
3. Household use
   Acetic acid in the form of vinegar is one of the most common chemicals found in households. It’s used to cook various dishes and is a popular condiment. Vinegar also makes a great cleaning solution and is often used to remove stains around the home.
4. Industrial applications
   Acetic acid has various industrial applications. Not only does it act as a precursor or reagent in many chemical processes, but it’s also used to produce several synthetic products. One of the main applications of acetic acid is the production of vinyl acetate monomer, which accounts for a third of the acid’s global consumption. The monomer is polymerised into polyvinyl acetate or another type of polymer and is then used to manufacture paint and adhesives.Esters, which are used as solvents for inks and coatings, are also produced using acetic acid. They’re synthesised from the catalytic reaction between acetic acid and alcohol.An important acetylation agent, acetic anhydride is used to synthesise various materials, such as cellulose acetate. Some medicines are also made via the acetylation process. For example, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is produced through the acetylation of salicylic acid.
5. Cosmetic products
   Various cosmetic products have acetic acid in their formulations. Acetic acid is used as an ingredient in hair conditioners, shampoos, and other hair care products. Derivatives of acetic acid such as alkyl acetates and acetate salts are also used to make perfumes and skin conditioners.

What is acetic acid used for in medicine?

Acetic acid has antiseptic properties, so it can be used in medicines which treat bacterial and fungal infections. It can inhibit the growth of various species of bacteria such as streptococci, staphylococci, pseudomonas, and enterococci.

Particularly effective against skin infections caused by pseudomonas strains that are resistant to antibiotics, acetic acid is also used to flush the bladder of those who have a urinary catheter to prevent blockage and infection. 

It’s also very useful as a screening agent for cervical cancer. Acetic acid is applied to the cervix and if some areas turn white, the test is positive. It’s also used in chromoendoscopy for detecting the early stages of gastric cancers.

If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Acetic Acid Production Process.

What household products contain acetic acid?

Vinegar is the main household product that contains acetic acid, albeit in a very low concentration. As we’ve already mentioned, vinegar is used as a condiment and food flavouring. Other household products that contain acetic acid include window cleaners and some dishwashing liquids.

You can also make your own cleaning liquid by diluting acetic acid or vinegar. Not only is it effective in removing stains from ceramic surfaces like floor tiles, but it can also prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi on kitchen countertops. Plus, unlike other cleaning agents, acetic acid is non-toxic and biodegradable.

What foods contain acetic acid?

Acetic acid in the form of vinegar is a common food flavouring ingredient. Many recipes contain acetic acid, including warm potato salad with shallot dressing, chicken adobo with fried rice, and stewed steak ragù.

Is acetic acid in vinegar?

Vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid with a concentration of about 4% to 6%. It also contains trace impurities of minerals, starch, and sugar.

Other foods containing acetic acid

Aside from dishes that have vinegar as a main ingredient, acetic acid can also be found in many processed food products. These include:

• Marinades
• Mustard
• Salad dressings
• Sauces
• Canned fruits
• Mayonnaise
• Pickled products

Is acetic acid harmful to humans?

At low concentrations, such as those found in vinegar and processed food products, acetic acid is not harmful. It has to be at a concentration of least 25% before it can inflict serious injuries. Contact with highly-concentrated acetic acid can cause burns and may even damage the eyes.

For more Methyl Acetate Plantinformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.